Understanding the Originality Requirement in Copyright Law

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Copyright law protects original works of authorship, but the definition of “originality” often creates layers of confusion among creators and authors (referred to as “authors”). At its core, the originality requirement establishes a threshold of creativity that must be met before a work qualifies for copyright protection. The Baseline for Originality Originality is the “bedrock …

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Why Did Trump Fire the Register of Copyrights?

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The Controversy In late May 2025, President Trump fired Shira Perlmutter, who led the U.S. Copyright Office. This was just days after he also dismissing the Librarian of Congress, Carla Hayden. The timing of Perlmutter’s termination sparked significant controversy due to her firing in proximity to the Copyright Office’s release of a major report on …

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Understanding the False Suggestion Doctrine in Trademark Law

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The false suggestion doctrine is a limitation on trademark registration, designed to protect the public from misleading associations with recognized entities or symbols. Overview Section 2(a) of the Lanham Act prohibits the registration of trademarks that “falsely suggest a connection with persons, living or dead, institutions, beliefs, or national symbols.” This provision serves as a …

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IP for Content Creators

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In today’s digital economy, subscription-based content platforms like OnlyFans, JustforFans, Vimeo, Patreon, and YouTube have created unprecedented opportunities for creators to monetize their work directly to the consuming public. However, these opportunities come with complex intellectual property (IP) considerations that content creators must understand to protect their rights and avoid potential legal issues. Copyright Fundamentals …

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Understanding Genericide of Color Marks

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Color Marks: The Basics Color marks represent one of the more challenging types of non-traditional trademarks. Since the landmark Supreme Court decision in Qualitex Co. v. Jacobson Products Co., single colors can serve as trademarks when they identify the source of goods or services. However, obtaining trademark protection for a color presents unique hurdles: Last …

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Understanding the Selection-and-Arrangement Theory in Copyright Law

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Introduction In copyright infringement cases, courts must determine whether one work impermissibly copies another’s protected expression. While the widely used “extrinsic test” focuses on comparing specific elements between works, the selection-and-arrangement theory offers a different analytical framework that recognizes that creativity often lies in how creators select, coordinate, and arrange elements—even when the individual components …

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Note on the Useful Articles Doctrine in Copyright

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Copyright law broadly protects creative works and the human endeavors required to create an original work of authorship. However, creativity should not be confused with utility. A dictionary definition for “creativity” is “ability to make or otherwise bring into existence something new.” A definition for “utility” is “the quality or state of being useful.” A …

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